Design and Protocol of the Biobank for Metabolic Syndrome Consequences (BMSC): A Prospective Cohort Study in Northwest China

Xue Yang,1,2,* Qian Li,1– 3,* Yayi He,1,* Guozhi Yin,4 Meng Li,1 Wenzhi Zhu,2 Xiayue Fan,2 Yi Gong,2 Yawen Wang,5 Wei Qiang,1 Youfa Wang,3,6 Ko Willems van Dijk,7,8 Patrick CN Rensen,2,8 Hui Guo,1 Bingyin Shi,1 Yanan Wang1– 3 1Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China; 2Med-X Institute, Center for Immunological and Metabolic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China; 3International Obesity and Metabolic Disease Research Center, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China; 5Biobank, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China; 6Global Health Institute, School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China; 7Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; 8Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Yanan Wang, Email [email protected]: This manuscript describes the design and protocol of the Biobank for Metabolic Syndrome Consequences (BMSC), a prospective cohort study in Northwest China. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is characterized by a group of interrelated disorders, including abdominal obesity, hyperglycemia, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. The presence of three or more of these conditions markedly increases the risk of multiple chronic diseases and mortality. The pathophysiology and natural course of MetS and its consequences are insufficiently understood. To improve our understanding, longitudinal research that combines biomarkers with longitudinal data measured over multiple time points is imperative. The BMSC, launched in August 2021 and still ongoing, is a prospective observational study of 2000 Chinese participants aged 18 to 75 years with MetS or relevant disorders living in the Northwest of China. At baseline survey, data on sociodemography, disease history, behavior and lifestyle, and mental health are collected by a structured questionnaire. The anthropometry is conducted by trained researchers. Fasting peripheral venous blood, urine, stool, and hair samples are collected according to standardized protocols. Extensive physical examinations are conducted in specific subgroups. Participants will be followed up every 3 months for at least 5 years for the incidence of MetS-related outcomes, such as cardiovascular disease, with clinical data and biological samples being collected at intervals similar to the baseline. These findings may contribute to improved prevention, early diagnosis, and personalized treatment of MetS-related conditions.Keywords: metabolic syndrome, obesity, diabetes, biobank, study design