Bilateral orbital Castleman disease: Building castles around the eye

Castleman disease is a rare, benign, clinicopathological entity associated with lymphoproliferation. Orbital Castleman disease is an even rarer condition, with multicentric involvement of the orbit being exceptionally uncommon. We report the case of a 61-year-old male who presented with swelling in the right infraorbital region. However, upon detailed evaluation, a bilateral mass clinically suggestive of lymphoma was diagnosed, which, on biopsy, was revealed to be Castleman disease. In this report, we highlight the importance of histology in the definitive diagnosis of Castleman disease and its distinctiveness from lymphoma. Additionally, we provide new insights (through a review of the medical literature) into the clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment of this rare and relatively benign disorder.