THE EXPERIENCE OF IMPLEMENTING DIGITAL INNOVATIONS IN THE U.S. STARTUP ECOSYSTEM AND THE OPPORTUNITIES FOR APPLICATION IN UZBEKISTAN

Abstract This study explores the structural characteristics and operational mechanisms of the United States (U.S.) startup ecosystem in implementing digital innovations and evaluates their adaptability to Uzbekistan’s emerging entrepreneurial environment. The research aims to analyze how the integration of technology, venture capital, and state policies in the U.S. has contributed to a sustainable innovation-driven economy and how these lessons can inform Uzbekistan’s digital transformation strategy. A mixed-method comparative analysis was conducted between 2020 and 2024 using secondary data from global innovation indices, venture capital investment reports, and policy documents. Qualitative insights were drawn from academic literature and expert interviews available in public databases. The principal findings indicate that the U.S. startup ecosystem thrives due to its comprehensive infrastructure—characterized by university-industry collaboration, venture funding mechanisms, and adaptive policy support. In contrast, Uzbekistan’s ecosystem, though rapidly growing, remains constrained by limited financing, insufficient digital infrastructure, and weak university–industry integration. The research contributes to the understanding of how developing economies can localize global innovation practices through institutional reform and policy alignment. The implications of this study suggest that Uzbekistan can accelerate its digital innovation capacity by establishing venture funds, promoting entrepreneurial education, and incentivizing research commercialization. Socially, the findings underscore the potential for startups to enhance employment, sustainability, and digital inclusion. Despite the limitations associated with reliance on secondary data, this study provides a conceptual framework for policymakers, investors, and researchers to strengthen innovation ecosystems in transitional economies.