HOLISTIC REVIEW OF NOVEL DELIVERY SYSTEM FROM CLASSICAL LIPOSOMES TO MODERN NANOCARRIERS AND RAPIDLY DISSOLVING PLATFORMS

Improvements in delivery methods have revolutionized pharmaceutical sciences as we know, providing greater effectiveness, precision of delivery, and adherence rates of treated patients. This review discusses both established and innovative delivery methods and technologies, beginning with liposome: a versatile vesicular carrier for both hydrophilic and hydrophobic medicaments. The structural categorization of liposomal in relation to preparation techniques and clinical implications establishes the applicability of liposomes for controlled and targeted release of a medicament. In addition to discussing traditional vesicular carriers, the review provides insights on lipid-based nanocarriers (Solid Lipid Nanoparticle (SLNs) and Nanostructured Lipid-carriers (NLCs)) which could deliver products at higher drug stability and bioavailability, and site-specific distribution potential, although there are still challenges associated with formulation. Proniosomes provide a long-term stable alternative for storage of niosomes. Proniosomes will allow a niosome precursor to alleviate storage problems, enhance drug entrapment and allow sustained drug release. We will also discuss microencapsulation procedures, since they can protect drugs that are sensitive to oxygen, light or humidity, allow controlled or pulsatile release, or allow delivery of therapeutic agents to a target. Targeted delivery of therapeutic agents is an increasingly hot topic in precision medicine! With regard to advancements in oral dosage forms that meet the need of patient centricity, we are reaching special populations that may otherwise not be accessible to them. Examples may include: mouth-dissolving tablets, mouth-dissolving films, effervescent tablets, and chewable tablets - all enhancing patient therapeutic outcomes through improved administration and consequently blunted onset of action. Each one of these different technologies (including pro-nisomes and mouth-dissolving tablets) demonstrates the paradigm shift towards precision, personalized and patient centric therapy in the field of pharmaceutical sciences. Continued advances in nanotechnology, engineering of material science, and planning to optimize formulations will further accelerate therapeutic benefit and improvements to a patient’s quality of life.