Green-synthesized ZnO nanoparticles via Mammea americana extract: Characterization and multidye photocatalytic degradation

In this study, zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) were successfully synthesized via a green method using Mammea americana extract as a reducing and stabilizing agent. Three extract concentrations (1 %, 2 %, and 4 % w / v ) produced NPs labeled M1, M2, and M4. The nanoparticles were characterized by FT-IR, XRD, SEM/EDX, TEM-HRTEM, and UV–Vis spectroscopy, confirming extract functional groups, Zn O bonds, a hexagonal zincite phase, quasi-spherical morphology, and particle sizes ranging from 14.7 to 24.8 nm. ZnO NPs bandgap energies were determined, and photocatalytic activity was evaluated by the degradation of six industrial dyes, with all NPs achieving over 95 % removal within 180 min. These results demonstrate that ZnO nanoparticles synthesized from M. americana extract are effective photocatalysts, emphasizing the potential of nanoparticle production using environmentally friendly methodologies for further study and possible sustainable applications. • ZnO NPs were synthesized using Mammea americana as reducing agent. • ZnO NPs were characterized using FT-IR, UV–vis, XRD, TEM and SEM/EDX. • Quasi-spherical morphology and mean sizes <24.7 nm were obtained. • Dye degradation >95 % in 180 min using ZnO NPs by photocatalysis. • ZnO NPs have potential for use in eliminating pollutants from water.