ଭଷ ଗବଷଣର ପରଥମକ ତଥୟ ସଗରହ ପଦଧତ ଓ ପରକରୟକରଣ

This scholarly article provides an in-depth exploration of the role, nature, and methodology of primary data collection in Odia language and literature research. It emphasizes that authentic data is the foundation of reliable research, transforming linguistic studies into scientifically valid and globally relevant scholarship. Focusing on Odia language research, the paper examines diverse data sources such as phonetics, vocabulary, grammar, dialects, folklore, manuscripts, and oral traditions, presenting Odia as a language rich in cultural and linguistic diversity. Through detailed analysis, it explains major primary data collection methods—including fieldwork, interviews, questionnaires, surveys, participant observation, and field notesillustrating how these techniques ensure accuracy, originality, and transparency in research outcomes. The article further discusses ethical principles, including informed consent, confidentiality, and respect for cultural identity, which are essential to maintaining academic integrity in linguistic field studies. It highlights the practical challenges of data collection such as regional variation, time, funding, and social dynamics offering thoughtful solutions to overcome them. With a focus on Odia’s linguistic landscape, the essay connects traditional research practices with modern digital tools like Unicode-based archives, Odia Wikisource, and Digital Corpus, demonstrating how technology enables global access and preservation of language data. By aligning with MLA-style citation standards and contemporary research ethics, the paper positions Odia linguistic research within the broader framework of international academic credibility. It is a valuable reference for researchers, linguists, and academicians working in the fields of language documentation, data archiving, and cultural studies.