Threshold correlates of financial sector formalization, gender inclusive education and inequality in Chad

Purpose This study aims to assess how linkages between inclusive education and financial sector (FS) formalization dynamics influence income inequality in Chad. Design/methodology/approach An interactive ordinary least squares approach on data covering the period 1980 to 2017 is employed. Concepts of FS formalization and informalization as well as corresponding gross domestic product-based FS competition measures are used, while two main inequality measurements are also considered, namely the Gini coefficient and the Palma ratio. Findings Beyond aiming to provide findings that are relevant to the post-2015 sustainable development agenda in Chad, the study also provides a practical way with which to disentangle the incidences of various financial sectors on income inequality. Net influences of inclusive education and FS formalization dynamics are provided. Originality/value Policy thresholds and thresholds for complementary policy initiatives related to the FS formalization dynamics and inclusive education are also disclosed.