Conceptual Model to Examine Students' Use of <scp>H5P</scp> Technology in Online Learning Environments: The Integration of the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology Model and Perceived Pedagogical Value Model

ABSTRACT While online learning is often criticised for its lack of interactivity, H5P technology has been widely adopted in online learning environments (OLE) to facilitate learning engagement. Although comprehensive research has been conducted to examine the practical effectiveness of H5P, there is limited understanding of students' intention to use the technology and its impact on learning performance. This study, therefore, aims to propose a conceptual model to unveil decisive factors influencing students' use of H5P and its impact on learning engagement and performance in OLE based on the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) model and Perceived Pedagogical Value (PPV) model. A survey conducted by 186 Chinese students in higher education revealed that social influence, facilitating conditions, and behavioural intention significantly impact students' engagement and performance with H5P, and that engagement positively contributes to performance. This study increases understanding of students' perceptions regarding the impact of H5P technology on learning engagement and outcomes through a theoretically grounded analysis of empirical data from the higher education context and offers implications for the design and implementation of interactive OLE.