Green synthesis of Embelia ribes mediated silver nanoparticles and their characterization using UV-Spectroscopy, FESEM, XRD, and FTIR analysis: An in vitro study

Introduction: Embelia ribes (Vidanga) is a medicinal plant recognized for its bioactive constituent embelin, which exhibits multiple therapeutic properties. The green synthesis of nanoparticles using plant-based extracts has emerged as an eco-friendly and economical alternative to chemical methods. In this study, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized using E. ribes seed extract and characterized to confirm their structural and functional properties. Aim: This research focuses on synthesizing E. ribes-mediated AgNPs and characterizing them using UV–Vis spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). Materials and Methods: Ethanolic seed extract of E. ribes was prepared and used as a natural reducing and capping agent. The formation of AgNPs was confirmed by UV–Vis analysis, while structural information was obtained via XRD. FESEM was employed to examine the morphology, and FTIR spectroscopy was used to identify the functional groups involved in nanoparticle stabilization.