A Clinical Study on Thyroid Goitre, Correlation Between HRUSG, FNAC With HPE

BACKGROUND: Goiter affects over 40 million individuals in India and more than 2 billion people globally. High resolution ultrasonography (USG) identifies nodules in 19% to 67% of cases, with higher rates in women and the elderly. AIMS AND OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical, pathological, and demographic characteristics of patients with thyroid goitre and to assess the correlation between clinical findings, imaging studies, and histopathological outcomes. MATERIAL AND METHODS:This descriptive cross sectional study was conducted from 2022-2024 at Department of General Surgery, Pathology, radiology South central railway hospital, Lalaguda. All patients coming to General surgery department with thyroid goitre until sample size is met who are willing to give informed consent. RESULTS: The study of 60 subjects revealed diverse thyroid conditions through TIRADS, FNAC, and histopathological evaluations. TIRADS imaging showed 38.3% classified as TIRADS 2 (benign), 21.7% as TIRADS 3, 20.0% as TIRADS 5, 18.3% as TIRADS 4, and 1.7% as TIRADS 1. FNAC results indicated 56.7% as Bethesda 2 (benign), with 33.3% showing suspicious or malignant cytology. CONCLUSION: The study reinforces the critical role of accurate imaging and cytological evaluations in the timely and precise diagnosis of thyroid nodules, which is crucial for appropriate clinical management and improving patient outcomes.