The Effect of Myc Inhibition Combined with the Synergistic Effect of Photothermal, Photodynamic and Radiotherapy in Tumor Treatment

Yingwen Cui,1,* Wanhong Yang,1,2,* Wuyan Liu,1,3 Yiling Li,1,3 Chunbo Yu,1,3 Changyan Yu,1,3 Yun Liu,1– 3 Dawei Xu,4 Xinting Zhu1,3 1Guizhou Provincial College-Based Key Laboratory for Tumor Prevention and Treatment with Distinctive Medicines, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, People’s Republic of China; 2School of Forensic Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563000, People’s Republic of China; 3College of Basic Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, People’s Republic of China; 4CAS Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety National Center, Nanoscience and Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Yun Liu; Xinting Zhu, Email [email protected]; [email protected]: Photothermal therapy, photodynamic therapy, and radiotherapy offer the potential for precise tumor ablation with minimal adverse reactions. Myc is an oncogene that plays a critical role in cell growth and tumor development by regulating processes such as cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and metabolism. It is widely expressed in human cancers and is recognized as one of the potential targets for cancer therapy. Recent studies on the mechanism of Myc suggest that inhibiting its expression can delay cancer onset and progression. With the development of medical technology, photothermal therapy utilizes the photothermal conversion properties of nanomaterials to transform light energy into local high temperatures, thereby ablating tumor cells; photodynamic therapy relies on the synergistic action of photosensitizers, light, and oxygen to generate cytotoxic reactive oxygen species that destroy the structure of tumor cells; radiotherapy uses high-energy rays to precisely damage the DNA double-strands of tumor cells and induce free radical damage. All three therapies have demonstrated unique advantages and remarkable efficacy in the field of cancer treatment, offering new treatment options and survival hopes for cancer patients. Meanwhile, they have also propelled the continuous advancement of cancer treatment from traditional models towards more precise and minimally invasive approaches. In this review, we summarize the principles of photothermal, photodynamic therapy and radiotherapy and their related roles in tumor treatment with Myc inhibitors. We hope this review will provide new sights into cancer treatment related to the Myc gene. Keywords: photothermal therapy, photodynamic therapy, radiotherapy, Myc, Myc inhibitor, combination therapy