SPECTRUM OF LESIONS AND INCIDENTAL FINDINGS IN NEPHRECTOMY SPECIMENS IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL

Nephrectomy is a common surgical procedure done for various neoplastic and non-neoplastic conditions in Urology. It is done in patients with End stage renal disease (ESRD), irreversible kidney disorders and various renal neoplasms. It can be a partial, simple or radical nephrectomy depending upon the underlying cause. Partial nephrectomy involves removing only part of kidney and leaving rest in body. This is a 3 year (2022-2024) both retrospective and prospective observational study. 44 nephrectomy specimens were received during this time period. Males were affected more as compared to females (M:F 1.2:1) and most common age group affected was 41-50 years (27.2%). Non-neoplastic lesions (84%) were more than neoplastic (15.9%). Chronic Pyelonephritis (CPN) was most common overall (65.9%) and non-neoplastic lesion of kidney. Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) was the m.c neoplastic lesion (09.09%). Clear cell RCC was most common type of RCC. Neoplastic lesions were seen in males only. Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis showed a female preponderance. This study provides a wide spectrum of various renal lesions, some of which are rare as well. Histological examination for all nephrectomy specimens is important as it leads to confirmatory diagnosis of neoplastic and non-neoplastic lesions of kidney, which sometimes can be confused clinically and radiologically. This further aids in post-surgical treatment plan of the patients.