Management of chronic otitis externa in dogs

Chronic otitis externa is a highly prevalent, multifactorial disorder that is a common problem in veterinary practice among dogs. Chronic inflammation of the external ear canal can potentially lead to distress, repeated infections, and permanent structural changes if it is not effectively treated. Successful treatment requires a diagnostic plan based on accuracy that reveals causative factors of that identifies primary triggers, secondary infections, perpetuating changes, and predisposing risk factors. This review integrates current understanding of pathophysiology, clinical presentation, diagnostic methods, therapeutic options, and long-term monitoring techniques of chronic otitis externa in dogs. The review emphasizes the significance of holistic case management, client communication, and individualized therapeutic regimens that integrate medical, surgical, and preventive techniques.