Porous Polymers Regulating Mass Transport in Zinc-Ion Batteries

Zinc-ion batteries, with their advantages of abundant resources, safety, environmental friendliness and low cost, are gradually becoming a research hotspot in the next-generation green energy storage systems. However, the disordered growth of zinc dendrites and the low ion transport efficiency have become the main obstacles to improving their performance and commercialization. This paper systematically reviews the microstructure characteristics of typical porous materials such as metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), covalent organic frameworks (COFs), hyper crosslinked polymers (HCPs), and conjugated microporous polymers (CMPs), and discusses their application strategies in core fields such as anode interface regulation, electrolyte optimization, and composite electrode construction. This study further analyzed the key role of solid-state and hydrogel polymer electrolytes in the construction of flexible and highly safe energy storage devices. Although porous polymers perform well in the laboratory, large-scale preparation, cost, stability, and lifespan remain engineering challenges. Future research needs to develop low-cost and high-throughput synthesis methods, combine multi-scale simulation and in-situ characterization, optimize material design, and promote its practical application in zinc/metal ion batteries.