Development Status and Prospects of Relay Protection Technology in Smart Grids

With the rapid development of smart grids, ensuring system stability, security, and efficiency has become a key challenge. Relay protection technology plays a vital role in fault detection, isolation, and recovery, evolving with intelligent algorithms, digital equipment, and automated coordination to enhance grid reliability. This paper explores the development of relay protection technology in smart grids, analyzing its applications in intelligent algorithms, digital devices, and automated coordination. Practical case studies demonstrate its effectiveness, while key challenges such as system stability, information security, and cross-regional coordination are discussed. Finally, the paper examines future trends and potential advancements in relay protection technology.