A novel wind-storage flexible joint frequency regulation strategy considering participation coefficient of wind power and charge–discharge balance of energy storage

This paper presents an innovative flexible frequency regulation strategy that synergistically integrates wind power and energy storage systems, aiming to enhance frequency control performance by balancing wind power participation with energy storage charge–discharge dynamics. First, droop control is applied to the wind power system, and an adaptive adjustment factor for the determination of the droop coefficient is developed based on the available kinetic energy and the remaining capacity of the wind turbine. Similarly, for the energy storage system, droop control is employed alongside a charge–discharge equilibrium index to guide the adjustment factor. A state-space model is then established to characterize the flexible frequency regulation behavior of the wind-storage system, and a coordinated frequency regulation framework is established by integrating thermal units, wind power, energy storage, and controllable loads. Simulation results confirm that the proposed strategy significantly improves system frequency stability under various disturbance scenarios by dynamically coordinating the active power outputs of wind power and energy storage systems. It effectively reduces the maximum frequency deviation, suppresses frequency fluctuations, and accelerates frequency recovery while fully respecting converter capacity limits, rotor speed constraints, and the charge–discharge balance of the energy storage system.