Removal of Fe3+ and Fe2+ from Aqueous Media with Linden Tree (Tilia vulgaris) Leaves: Environmentally Friendly Adsorption and Optimization

Efforts have been made to develop a natural, inexpensive, and readily available adsorbent material for removing Fe³⁺ and Fe²⁺ heavy metals from water. In this study, the removal of Fe³⁺ and Fe²⁺ from water was tested using Linden tree (Tilia vulgaris) leaves. After collection, the leaves were rinsed, and moisture was removed by heating at 80 °C for 24 hours. The prepared adsorbent for experiments was then sieved through a 60-80 mesh sieve. Linden leaves were separately added to solutions containing Fe³⁺ and Fe²⁺, and the percentage removal was measured. The results showed that Fe³⁺ and Fe²⁺ ions could be effectively removed using Linden leaves. In this study, the adsorption capacity was analyzed by varying initial concentrations, amount of adsorbent, contact time, temperature, and shaking speed.