SACCHARIDE COMPOSITION OF THE AERIAL PART OF THE PLANT HELIOTROPIUM LASIOCARPUM

Abstract This study investigates the saccharide compositionof the aerial parts of Heliotropium lasiocarpum growing in the Fergana Valley, Uzbekistan. Through sequential extraction, water-soluble polysaccharides, pectic substances, and hemicelluloses were isolated from the plant material. The yield, physicochemical properties, solubility, viscosity, and monosaccharide composition of each fraction were determined. Chromatographic analysis revealed glucose, galactose, arabinose, and rhamnose as the predominant monosaccharides. IR spectroscopy confirmed the presence of ester groups, uronic acids, and various glycosidic linkages, indicating that the isolated compounds belong to carboxypolysaccharides. The results contribute to the understanding of the chemical composition of Heliotropium species and highlight their potential pharmacological value. These findings may serve as a foundation for further biochemical and pharmacological studies, as well as for the development of biologically active substances with practical applications in pharmacy and medicine.