Curriculum Planning and Development

Early childhood education is an important foundation in shaping the cognitive, social, emotional, and physical development of an individual. In Malaysia, the implementation of this early childhood education program is based on official documents such as the Early Childhood Education Program Standard (SPPAK) published by the Malaysian Qualifications Agency (MQA, 2025). This document is the main guide for higher learning institutions in planning and developing curricula that are in line with national needs and global developments. According to the Ministry of Education Malaysia (2023), curriculum design must emphasize a holistic approach that supports the comprehensive development of children based on the principles of age-appropriate development.