Desain Didaktis untuk Memfasilitasi Kemampuan Berpikir Aljabar Perkalian dan Pembagian di Kelas V Sekolah Dasar

Algebra learning in elementary school has a crucial role as a foundation for students in understanding algebra at a higher level. But in reality, many learning obstacles arise in learning algebra, especially in multiplication and division materials. Therefore, to overcome the learning obstacles faced, the researcher aims to create meaningful learning for students through the development of didactic designs that can facilitate algebraic thinking skills, especially in multiplication and division materials in grade V of elementary school. The research method used in this study is Didactical Design Research (DDR) which consists of prospective analysis, metapedadidactic analysis, and retrospective analysis. The learning obstacles found are related to the difficulty of students in understanding the same concept as (=), identifying the relationship of multiplication and division, determining the final result of a problem, translating the story problem into a mathematical sentence. The learning design developed applies the Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) approach where the learning design contains four learning components, namely contextual problem, experience based activity, bridge activity, and formal activity. The didactic design was implemented in two cycles and it is known that the didactic design can minimize the difficulties experienced by students, as evidenced by the increase in the percentage of student response questionnaires from 90% in the initial didactic design to 92% in the implementation of the revised didactic design.