Coagulation Profile and Platelet Indices in Yemeni Adults with Type 2 Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Study in Aden Governorate

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) induces a hypercoagulable state that increases thrombotic risk. Objective: This study evaluated coagulation parameters and platelet indices in Yemeni adults with T2DM and their correlation with glycemic control. Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 140 T2DM patients and 100 healthy controls from major hospitals in Aden Governorate between January and February 2025. Coagulation tests (PT, APTT) were performed using STA-R Evolution, and platelet indices (MPV, PDW) were analyzed via Sysmex XN-550. Glycemic control was assessed by HbA1c. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS v26. Results: Most patients (86%) had poor glycemic control (HbA1c ≥ 7%). Diabetic patients demonstrated significantly prolonged prothrombin time (PT) compared with healthy controls (13.69 ± 1.74 sec vs. 12.10 ± 1.20 sec, p < 0.001), shortened APTT (31.38 ± 4.16 sec vs. 35.20 ± 3.50 sec, p < 0.001), and elevated MPV (9.03 ± 0.92 fL vs. 8.70 ± 1.10 fL, p = 0.015) and PDW (16.8 ± 2.1% vs. 15.2 ± 1.8%, p = 0.01) compared to controls. A strong positive correlation was found between HbA1c and MPV (r = 0.52, p < 0.001). An MPV cut-off > 11.5 fL predicted thrombotic risk with 78% sensitivity and 85% specificity (AUC = 0.82). Conclusion: Yemeni T2DM patients demonstrate significant hemostatic abnormalities strongly linked to poor glycemic control. MPV represents a cost-effective, accessible marker for thrombotic risk stratification. We propose its integration into routine diabetic care protocols in Yemen and similar resource-limited settings.