The Comprehensive Impact of the Digital Education System in Bangladesh: Bridging Gaps in Accessibility, Attitude, and Outcomes

The rapid adoption of digital technologies, catalyzed by national initiatives (like Vision 2021) and the global disruption of the COVID-19 pandemic, has irrevocably transformed the educational framework of Bangladesh. This extended study undertakes a rigorous investigation into the holistic impact of this digital transition across three critical and interdependent dimensions: student attitudes, learning outcomes, and infrastructural accessibility. Employing a comprehensive socio-technological and equity-based framework, the research quantifies the severe impact of the urban-rural infrastructural divide (manifested in unreliable connectivity and device poverty) on equitable access, revealing significant marginalization among low-income and remote student populations. Furthermore, the analysis provides a granular view of student engagement dynamics, highlighting the complex relationship between initial technological enthusiasm and subsequent psychological challenges, notably screen fatigue and self-regulatory failure. Crucially, the paper evaluates the correlation between prevailing pedagogical models (passive content delivery versus active, interactive learning) and measurable learning gains, specifically differentiating the acquisition of foundational knowledge from the development of higher-order cognitive skills. The resultant findings offer a robust, evidence-based platform for policymakers to formulate multi-faceted and targeted strategies, prioritizing the immediate need for infrastructure equity, mandatory advanced teacher training, and the development of quality-assured, interactive digital content that ensures the digital transformation genuinely translates into inclusive educational success.