A Study on the Prevalence of Microalbuminuria in Newly Detected Hypertensive Patients and its Association with Systolic Blood Pressure (SBP) and Pulse Pressure (PP)

Abstract Introduction: One of the main risk factors for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality and renal dysfunction is Hypertension, which is a serious global health concern. Early on, the illness is frequently asymptomatic, but it is linked to gradual harm to important organs such as the brain, retina, kidneys, and heart. Preventation of long term complications requires early detection of hypertension and diagnosis of subclinical organ damage. Aims: To detect the Presence and levels of Micro albumin in urine (Spot Urine ACR 30-300) in newly detected Hypertensive patients (>=140/90mm of Hg) and its association with Systolic Blood Pressure(SBP) and Pulse Pressure(PP) attending Out Patient Department(OPD) and admitted in Indoor patient Department (IPD) of Medicine Dept. Of COMJNM&H. Kalyani Nadia, West Bengal. Materials & Methods: The study was designed as an observational cross-sectional study and was conducted in the Department of Medicine, JNM College of Medicine, West Bengal, over a period of one year, from December 2019 to December 2020, with a total sample size of 124 patients. Result: In our study, The mean ± SD of pulse pressure was 59.05 ± 9.46 mmHg in patients without microalbuminuria and 70.77 ± 12.52 mmHg in those with microalbuminuria, showing a statistically significant difference (P < 0.0001). Conclusion: In our study, microalbuminuria was present in 21% of newly diagnosed hypertensive patients, most commonly in the 41–50-year age group, with a male preponderance but no significant gender difference. It showed strong associations with smoking, elevated pulse pressure, impaired fasting blood sugar, and abnormal ECG findings, indicating early target organ involvement. These findings emphasize the importance of routine screening for microalbuminuria in newly diagnosed hypertension for early risk assessment and prevention of cardiovascular morbidity.