Unveiling the Bioactive Potential of Sargassum wightii Greville: An Integrated Pharmacognostic and Phytochemical Study

Sargassum wightii, marine seaweed from the family Sargassaceae, is renowned for its diverse biological activities, including antibacterial, antitoxic, antidiabetic, and anti-inflammatory properties.These effects are attributed to the phytoconstituents present in the seaweed.In this study, we aimed to evaluate the pharmacognostic, phytochemical, and physicochemical profiles of S. wightii.Macroscopic and microscopic studies were conducted, revealing characteristic features of the seaweed.Phytochemical analysis indicated the presence of alkaloids, glycosides, and flavonoids.These findings help establish a baseline for the identification, efficacy, and prevention of adulteration in S. wightii.Additionally, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of the methanol extract identified a variety of bioactive phytocompounds with distinct molecular weights.The methanol extract of S. wightii demonstrated unique physicochemical properties, suggesting the presence of compounds that could be pharmacologically significant.These results support further biological and pharmacological investigations into S. wightii.