Exploring Morphological and Phytochemical Differences in Iris ensata (Sosan asmanjuni) and Market Varieties

INTRODUCTION In the current health sector, there is a notable shift from communicable to non-communicable diseases, with conditions like Type II diabetes mellitus, hypertension, obesity, and cardiovascular diseases becoming increasingly prevalent. These diseases can often be prevented or effectively treated using the Unani System of Medicine (USM), which primarily relies on herbal remedies. Surveys indicate that 80% of the global population depends on herbal medicine for primary healthcare [1]. USM utilizes approximately 25,000 plant-based formulations documented in indigenous medical texts [2], with its treatments derived mainly from plants, followed by animal and mineral origins.