Explaining The Components Of Decongesting Architecture In The Residential Complexes Of Mashhad Metropolis By Controlling The Tension-Causing And Stressful Indicators

Today, living in big cities has become such a challenge that a citizen struggles with many problems to meet his basic needs; including job security, obtaining the necessities of life, emotional issues and problems, obtaining housing or renting, etc. Today, the housing challenge has taken on new dimensions due to population growth, changing lifestyles, decreasing land in big cities, rampant inflation in house prices, etc. Assuming that in big cities, apartment living is inevitable, considering the aforementioned problems, the conditions and space of buildings should be designed in such a way that their residents face the least stress and mental tension from the architectural body. This article attempts to extract an optimal solution for the problems of apartment living of city dwellers by entering the field of environmental psychology, so as to at least reduce the tensions and stresses of living in these spaces by a few percent. The present article is descriptive-analytical in terms of methodology, and in terms of the type of data for analysis, this research is a qualitative research in the first phase. In the qualitative data analysis stage, the content analysis method is used. Since in this article, the level of capabilities of apartment residents and their perception of the space in buildings is measured, therefore, in the survey area, the way residents express and perceive the space between buildings is exposed to interviews, pre-tests, exercises, and interviews. In terms of purpose, this research is an exploratory research in the qualitative phase and an explanatory research in the quantitative phase. The purpose of writing this article is to explain the stress-generating components that reduce the stress of apartment living and create conditions for people to live longer in metropolises with the help of flexible (multi-purpose) housing design. The results of this study show that sensory components such as density, stress, personal space, peace, and crowding, as well as physical components such as building structure, height, gender, age, and neighborhood, play a significant role in this issue.