Selective Immunoglobulin Deficiency in Patients Treated with Lithium: Clinical and Immunological Insights

Objective: To analyze the association between chronic lithium treatment and selective immunoglobulin deficiency, exploring pathophysiological mechanisms, clinical consequences, and monitoring strategies. Methods: Observational data from patients on long-term lithium therapy were combined with a review of the literature. Results: Lithium exposure was associated with reductions in immunoglobulin levels, particularly IgG and IgA, predisposing to recurrent infections and altered immune responses. Conclusion: Immunoglobulin deficiency should be considered an underrecognized complication of lithium therapy, requiring routine immunological monitoring and individualized management strategies.