Changes in lipid, liver, and renal profiles among patients with severe covid-19 during and after hospitalization at Saint Peter Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa

Background: COVID-19 progression affects multiple organ systems, and abnormalities in lipid, liver, and renal function tests have been reported. This study aimed to evaluate changes in organ function and lipid profiles among patients with severe COVID-19 during hospitalization and at discharge. Methods: A follow-up study was conducted at St. Peter Specialized Hospital from January 1 to April 30, 2021, involving 162 hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Five milliliters of venous blood were collected at admission and again at discharge. Lipid, renal, and liver function tests were performed using the Cobas 311 analyzer. Data were entered and analyzed using SPSS version 25. Results: Significant mean differences were observed in total cholesterol (20.13 mg/dL; 95% CI: 13.41–26.84; P < 0.001), HDL (7.53 mg/dL; 95% CI: 5.24–9.81; P < 0.001), and LDL (0.10 mg/dL; 95% CI: 0.06–0.14; P < 0.001) between admission and discharge. Albumin levels significantly increased at discharge, while ALT levels significantly decreased (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Dyslipidemia and hypoalbuminemia were observed during the acute phase of severe COVID-19. These findings suggest that severe COVID-19 induces significant alterations in lipid metabolism and liver function. Monitoring and managing lipid levels may improve clinical outcomes and reduce complications. Integrating lipid management into COVID-19 treatment protocols could enhance patient recovery and care effectiveness.