The Role of Oral Infections in the Development of Atherosclerosis: A Review of Recent Findings

Atherosclerosis, the progressive narrowing and hardening of arteries, is a major contributor to cardiovascular diseases (CVD), the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide.Emerging evidence has highlighted the potential role of oral infections, specifically periodontal disease, in the development and progression of atherosclerosis.Periodontal diseases, caused by bacterial infections in the oral cavity, lead to systemic inflammation and immune responses that may contribute to vascular damage.This review synthesizes recent findings on the relationship between oral infections and atherosclerosis, focusing on the mechanisms involved, clinical evidence, and implications for preventive and therapeutic strategies.We also explore the potential of periodontal treatment in reducing cardiovascular risk, the role of oral microbiota in atherosclerosis, and the need for interdisciplinary approaches to patient management.