Recent Updates and Future Perspectives of Unprotected Sugars Modifications

Abstract It has been recognized that carbohydrates, a major component of biomass, are potential renewable resources to substitute fossil‐based raw materials to mitigate some of the global challenges, such as climate change and the energy crisis. Hence, developing biorefineries similar to petrochemical refineries is an enduring objective. However, the conversion of carbohydrates into other products selectively faces severe challenges because of multiple hydroxyl groups with similar chemical properties, complex stereochemistry, steric interactions, and H‐bonding networks within the molecules. With the advancement of carbohydrate chemistry and glycobiology and in collaboration with other allied areas since the Fischer era, complex carbohydrate chemistry is recognized as an indispensable aspect of nature. Research emphasizing the direct modification of sugars without applying protection–deprotection techniques is a strategic implementation of green chemistry principles for sustainable development. In this review, we have summarized recent updates on unprotected carbohydrate modifications. We have precisely emphasized the specific applications of each research article. This document would be an indispensable current resource for the researchers working in carbohydrate chemistry and its related fields.