Phytochemical analysis and antioxidant activity of ethanolic leaves extract of Psidium guajava

Psidium guajava, or guava, is used in traditional medicine for a wide range of conditions, including diarrhea, diabetes, high blood pressure, respiratory issues like coughs, and various infections. This study was conducted to assess the phytochemical constituents in Psidium guajava leaf extracts using standard methods. The ethanolic leaves extract of Psidium guajava was analaysed by HPLC and GC to determine various phytochemicals. The free radicals scavenging activity of extract by using DPPH, NO and super oxide radicals generated in vitro. The ethanolic leaves extract of Psidium guajava was found to contain alkaloids (6.18 mg/gm), tannins (1.82mg/g), phenols (7.76 mg/gm) and flavonoids (5.15 mg/gm). The major flavonoids detected were kaempherol. The ethanolic extract of Psidium guajava was found to possess significant free radical scavenging activity against DPPH, NO and SOD anions the IC50 value of 39.0 µg/ml, 34.25 µg/ml and 30.05µg/ml respectively and comparable to that of their corresponding IC50 value. The medicinal property of Psidium guajava may be attributed to the presence of flavonoids and phenolic compounds with rich antioxidant potential.