Tracing the Impact of Blockchain in Agriculture: A Bibliometric Perspective

Blockchain technology (BCT) is increasingly applied in agriculture to improve transparency, efficiency, and trust in agri-food systems. This study presents a bibliometric analysis of blockchain research in agriculture using the Scopus database, covering 373 peer-reviewed journal articles published between 2019 and 2024. The analysis examines publication trends, leading institutions, funding sponsors, and international collaborations, supported by VOS viewer visualizations. Results reveal consistent growth in scholarly output, peaking in 2023, with India and China emerging as global leaders. Key contributions highlight blockchain’s role in food traceability, supply chain management, financial inclusion, and sustainability tracking. Co-authorship patterns indicate India’s pivotal role in fostering collaborations with the United States, United Kingdom, and emerging partners in Asia and the Middle East. Despite challenges of scalability, regulation, and energy costs, integration with technologies such as IoT, AI, and DeFi presents opportunities for innovation. Findings underscore blockchain’s potential to advance sustainable agricultural development worldwide.