Place of Artificial Intelligence in Oncology: Literature review and Perspectives

Artificial Intelligence and Healthcare Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a subfield of computer science concerned with algorithms that perform tasks typically associated with human cognition. AI has been applied to medical problems for many years, but accelerated adoption in healthcare is now motivated by a growth in data volume and comprehensiveness, improvements in computational power, and an increase in innovative software developers. Modern AI technology can provide significant insight and benefit by processing a diverse set of data types related to a problem domain. Beyond the capability to recognize patterns in data, AI algorithms can synthesize large volumes of information from multiple sources quickly. In healthcare, common applications include identifying conditions, risk factors, or patterns to support clinical decision-making, population health, and discovery. Cancer is a broad class of devastating diseases that grows exponentially in complexity as it progresses, creating a difficult analytical space for reasoning and management. Ongoing work suggests that AI may be particularly well suited to meeting this challenge, but widespread impact in the clinical domain remains elusive.