Advancing Electric Vehicle Technology for Defense and Civilian Applications

This paper examines strategic approach to developing electric vehicle (EV) technology for dual defense and civilian applications within Indonesia's evolving security landscape. Indonesia ranks 13th globally in military strength but faces defense budget constraints requiring innovative dual-use approaches. One of the approaches is using the Technology vs. Demand Readiness Level framework, which guides strategic investment decisions toward Market Validated Products (MVP). Using this approach, the Indonesia Defense Army Corporation (PT Pindad) has developed Tactical Electric Vehicle platform named as Pandu Tactical Electric Vehicle (Pandu<sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">TEV</sup>) featuring dual-motor configuration with 285 kW combined power output which can reach 400 km range capability. The Pandu<sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">TEV</sup> was the product of Research and Development process combining EV technology that has been advancing in the passenger car application and military tactical technology, using the benchmark technology applied in Hummer Tactical EV, AbramSX Tank, and GDLS EV to achieve competitive positioning. The dual-use approach enables cost amortization across military and civilian markets while building indigenous technological capabilities essential for Indonesia's future defense application.