A Review: Antidiabetic Properties Of Psidium guajava, Moringa oleifera, and Cucurbita pepo

Diabetes mellitus is a long-standing metabolic condition that often leads to multiple complications. This study focuses on the role of medicinal plants in controlling diabetes and preventing its complications. Natural antidiabetic agents are known to lower blood glucose and boost insulin release from pancreatic cells. In this study, three medicinal plants—guava (Psidium guajava), pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo), and moringa (Moringa oleifera)—were studied for their effectiveness in managing diabetes. In guava, the phytoconstituents guaijaverin and avicularin are mainly linked to lowering blood sugar concentrations. In pumpkin, compounds such as tocopherols, gallic acid, rutin, and quercetin are associated with blood sugar reduction and antioxidant properties. In moringa, bioactive flavonoids including quercetin and kaempferol are found to show significant antidiabetic benefits by lowering blood glucose and improving insulin sensitivity. The study emphasizes the value of plant-based compounds as potential alternatives or supportive therapies to conventional therapy for the treatment and management of diabetes mellitus.