Evaluation of some oxidative stress markers and their antioxidants, as well as some inflammatory cytokines secreted by adipocytes, in men with diabetic nephropathy

This study was conducted at Samarra General Hospital and private laboratories in the city of Samarra from the beginning of September 2023 until the beginning of January 2024. It involved blood samples from men aged between 25 and 80 years, with a total of 90 samples. The samples were divided into three groups: a control group including 30 samples, a diabetes group including 30 samples, and a diabetic nephropathy group including 30 samples. The study measured the concentrations of Malondialdehyde (MDA), Catalase, Inflammatory Cytokine Interleukin 18 (IL-18), Urea, and Creatinine. The samples were collected in specialized laboratories with the consent of the participants. Five milliliters of blood were collected in the morning during fasting using sterile medical syringes, and the serum was separated using gel-containing tubes through centrifugation. The serum was stored frozen until the necessary tests were performed, with the concentrations of the studied variables measured using ELISA technology. The study observed a significant increase in the concentrations of MDA, Urea, Creatinine, and IL-18, and a significant decrease in the concentration of Catalase in the patient groups compared to the control group at a significance level of (P<0.05). The aim of the study was to evaluate oxidative stress markers, their antioxidants, and certain inflammatory cytokines in patients with diabetic nephropathy.