ESTIMATION OF THE PROPORTION OF POLYCYSTIC OVARY SYNDROME AMONG REPRODUCTIVE AGE GROUP WOMEN VISITING TO DISTRICT HOSPITAL GADAG

Background: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder affecting individuals of reproductive age, with prevalence rates ranging from 5% to 20%, depending on diagnostic criteria and population studied. PCOS remains underdiagnosed and misunderstood, often due to variations in clinical presentations and a lack of standardized diagnostic practices. The condition is associated with numerous metabolic, reproductive, and psychological complications, including insulin resistance, infertility, and an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Understanding the global and regional prevalence of PCOS is critical for tailoring effective public health interventions, improving diagnostic awareness, and advancing treatment options. Objectives: 1. To estimate the proportion of PCOS among reproductive age group (15- 45 years) women visiting to district hospital. 2. To assess the clinical profile of the PCOS women of the reproductive age group visiting the district hospital. Methods: A Hospital-based Cross-Sectional study was done to estimate the proportion of PCOS among 310 reproductive-age-group women visiting to District Hospital Gadag. The primary data, which is quantitative, was collected using semi-structured questionnaires by the face-to-face interview method. Time-period sampling technique was used to select participants based on their availability and willingness to participate in the study during the data collection period. Data were entered into Microsoft Excel, and Results were expressed in frequency and percentage. Chi-square test to know the association of socio-demographic characteristics with PCOS. Results: Out of 310 participants, 47 were diagnosed with PCOS, indicating a prevalence of 15.16%. with the majority aged between 25-29 years (58.39%), followed by 20–24 years (31.29%), while smaller proportions were in the 30–34 years (7.10%). The most common clinical features among these participants were irregular menstruation and hirsutism. A high junk food intake was also observed as a prevalent lifestyle factor. Conclusion: The study highlights a significant prevalence of PCOS among reproductive-age women visiting the district hospital in Gadag. Key contributing factors include lifestyle habits, genetic predisposition, and hormonal imbalances. Early diagnosis and management are crucial in preventing associated complications such as infertility, metabolic disorders, and psychological distress. Strengthening awareness, improving screening methods, and promoting lifestyle modifications can help in the effective management of PCOS in this population.