Basic Steps of Artificial Intelligence on Plant Nanotechnology: a Review

The combination of plant nanotechnology and artificial intelligence (AI) can bring radical benefits in the form of sustainable agriculture and environmental stewardship. This review provides an overview of recent developments in 13 thematic areas, namely, yield increase, soil health, nano-fertilizers and nano-pesticides, stress tolerance, precision irrigation, and plant disease control. Nanotechnology in plants allows optimizing the monitoring of abiotic and biotic parameters, optimizing resources and intervening to reduce environmental contamination. Biosensors developed by using plants, nanotechnology-enabled breeding technologies and the prospect of proteomics have great potential in enhancing resilience and yields. In addition to agriculture, AI-nanotechnology integration can aid the assessment of environmental risks, climate change forecast, nutrient flow, and food webs. The review also compares the Non-Artificial Intelligent Digital Nano-manufacturing (NAIDNM) with the Artificial Intelligent Digital Nano-manufacturing (AIDNM), presenting the challenges of both and possible solutions as well as future directions. The findings of the study in general emphasize the contribution of AI-aided plant nanotechnology in improving the productivity, resiliency and roadmap to future sustainability as it answers universal food security and ecological balance.