A brief review on the A.C. electrical properties of organic phthalocyanine thin films

Organic phthalocyanines have garnered significant attention for their optoelectronic applications due to their unique electrical properties, structural versatility, and thermal stability. This review critically examines the alternating current electrical properties of organic phthalocyanine thin films. Emphasis is placed on impedance spectroscopy, frequency dependence, dielectric behaviour, conduction mechanisms, and interfacial polarization. A comparative analysis of different central metal ions and deposition techniques is presented. We also highlight the recent advancements in modeling A.C. conductivity and discuss potential applications in electronic and photonic devices.