Application of ontological models and knowledge bases for the development of cyber-physical systems in accordance with the RAMI 4.0 reference model

Modern trends in the development of Industry 4.0 and the digitalization of industry are leading to the creation of networks of various manufacturing enterprises that use shared digital platforms and cyber-physical systems, forming industrial digital ecosystems. This highlights the relevance of research aimed at standardizing and optimizing information exchange between stakeholders in production processes, which is crucial for enhancing competitiveness and reducing product life cycles. These challenges create a growing need for methods that ensure semantic coherence of digital models of products, processes, and enterprises within reference frameworks such as RAMI 4.0, particularly in the context of distributed manufacturing. The aim of this study is to develop a method for applying ontological models and knowledge bases in the design of cyber-physical systems aligned with the RAMI 4.0 standard, with an emphasis on achieving consistency, integrity, and dynamic interaction within digital platforms. The main results include the development of a system of hierarchically linked ontologies, a classification of asset properties and relationships within the RAMI 4.0 structure, a predicate framework for knowledge bases, and a practical implementation of the method using the 1C:Enterprise platform. The proposed approach ensures terminological unification, improves data exchange efficiency, and supports decision-making in the design and operation of cyber-physical systems. It contributes to the advancement of systems engineering by providing both a theoretical foundation and practical tools for industrial digitalization and the standardization of enterprise interactions within Industry 4.0 ecosystems, while also opening new prospects for research into intelligent manufacturing systems.