Measuring the level of cytokines, micronutrients and some pituitary and thyroid hormones in females with anorexia nervosa at Ramadi Teaching Hospital

Anorexia nervosa distinguished as possessing a low body weight since limiting energy consume or compensating to an over rate intentionally so to reach or keep the thin ideal weight. The aim of our study is assessing the state of the hypothalamic-pituitary thyroid axis, the potential role of interleukins and micronutrients in females with anorexia nervosa comparison to healthy females. Thirty females with anorexia nervosa participated in the study and the control group was composed of thirty healthy females without eating disorders and any immunological disorders. The study was done in in Ramadi Teaching Hospital in Anbar governorate, Iraq from January to June 2024. Anthropometric Measurements (body mass index, Weight, Hight), concentration of thyroid hormones (triiodothyronine and thyroxine), pituitary hormone (Thyroid-stimulating hormone), micronutrient [trace elements (Selenium, Magnesium, Zinc, Copper) and vitamin E and vitamin D3], and interleukins (2, 4, 6, 10, Transforming Growth Factor-β). There was a significant (P-value ≤ 0.05) decrease in the concentrations of triiodothyronine, thyroxine, Vitamin D3, Vitamin E, trace elements, IL-2, IL-10 and Transforming Growth Factor-β in females with anorexia nervosa as compared to healthy females. While there were no significant (P-value≤0.05) differences of thyroid-stimulating hormone, IL-4 and IL-6 in females with AN as compared to healthy females. There was a significant increase in the concentrations of ghrelin hormone in females with anorexia nervosa as compared to healthy females. Conclusion: The low serum concentration of triiodothyronine in females with anorexia nervosa pointed that the peripheral conversion of triiodothyronine to thyroxine, is reduced during chronic starvation.