Biochemical and Demographic Factors Affecting Antiviral Treatment Failure in Hepatitis C Patients with Persistent Virologic Response Issues

Background: Worldwide, Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a major public health concern. Twelve weeks following treatment completion, the persistent virologic response is known as SVR. The DAA (Direct-acting antiviral therapy) remains a challenge. Objective: To determine the demographic and biochemical parameters responsible for the failure of antiviral therapy (sofosbuvir and daclatasvir) associated with hepatitis C sustained viral response. Methods: This cross-sectional study is based on Electronic Medical records online through a portal provided by the Government of Punjab Pakistan between December 2023 and July 2024. Data of 50 Hepatitis C screened positive patients were registered after the approval from The University of Lahore’s ethical review board. The Patients underwent biochemical Investigations and HCV RNA PCR. Patients were given three months of combined therapy of Daclatasvir 60 mg and Sofosbuvir 400 mg. Monthly follow-ups were taken and Sustained virology response (SVR12) was determined, whereby SVR is the sustained virologic response 12 weeks after completing treatment. Results: Significant association has been found between DAA treatment and creatinine level, hemoglobin level and patient status. Demographically, mean age was 16.6±0.5 years, 19/50 (38.0%) were male and 31/50 (62.0%) were females. Concerning respondents, 66.0% were cured and 34.0% had a relapse. SVR was achieved in 66% cases. HCV patients responded well to a combined antiviral therapy. Conclusion: A strong correlation existed between DAA treatment, patient status, hemoglobin level, and creatinine level. Combined antiviral therapy showed good results for achieving SVR rates.