CONTROLLED MICROCLIMATE IN THE ARCHITECTURAL ENVIRONMENT OF RESIDENTIAL FORMATION IN NORTHERN KAZAKHSTAN

This paper presents recommendations for designing the architectural environment of residential buildings taking into account the climatic conditions of Northern Kazakhstan. The paper considers ways to adapt architecture and create comfortable conditions in a sharply continental climate. The cities of Northern Kazakhstan at the present stage of development were built largely without taking into account extreme low temperatures, as well as hot and dry hot days. In this regard, the conditions for people to stay in an open architectural environment are very difficult, which implies the need to adapt architecture to harsh climatic conditions. An artificially recreated architectural environment of residential buildings that meets the needs of city residents can become a way to resolve the region's climatic problems. That is, the design of adjoining and yard spaces with an artificially produced microclimate that would organize a comfortable stay in the external architectural environment at any time of the year. In turn, this innovation could create a big leap in the organization and design of the architectural environment of residential buildings in regions with a harsh climate. Organization of artificial microclimate in open space at the present stage of development of construction technologies and building materials is not an unattainable goal, but on the contrary a very relevant phenomenon, especially in the conditions of information and technological progress. The purpose of the study is to determine the ways by which it would be possible to recreate an artificial microclimate in the architectural environment of residential buildings. Creation of favorable conditions for a person to be at any time of the year, in an open urban space. Development of a direction in the design of an architectural environment, dealing with the adaptation of harsh climatic conditions in order to create a favorable microclimate. In the process of research work: theoretical aspects of designing an architectural environment were studied, a retrospective analysis of works related to the organization of a microclimate in harsh weather conditions was carried out. The principles and methods of designing an artificial microclimate in the regional conditions of Northern Kazakhstan were determined. More than 20 public spaces were studied and examined: parks, adjoining spaces and courtyards in such cities as: Astana, Pavlodar and Kostanay