ENGINEERING-GEOLOGICAL FEATURES OF ROCKS CAUSING LANDSLIDE HAZARDS ON SECTIONS OF MOUNTAIN ROADS

In the mountainous regions of Kazakhstan there are problems associated with landslides of soil masses from mountain slopes. The reserch of processes such as landslides and their impact on infrastructure, especially road networks, continues to be a pressing issue in mountainous regions. In various countries of the world, including Kazakhstan, the USA, Italy, Japan, Switzerland and others, landslides are one of the pressing problems. The article examines the research on problem associated with landslide processes in the mountainous regions of Kazakhstan and foreign. Also analyzes the emergence of defects on road surfaces and in the embankment structure, particularly where roads pass through mountain slopes the "Zharkent-Koktal-Arasan" road section as an example Kazakhstan. This problem is relevant, since landslides pose a threat to the safety of people and vehicles, and also provide a reliable start to the destruction of the road situation. The fact that landslides are serious phenomena, issues related to the impact of landslides on roads remain poorly studied in the road soil of Kazakhstan, which requires the need to conduct research in this area. Special attention is given to defects such as the swelling of road surfaces, which can be explained by the movement of landslide masses that push the earth upward. This phenomenon is linked to the presence of thick layers of poorly lithified loose sedimentary deposits that have accumulated due to tectonic processes. The findings of this study will help better understand the mechanisms of landslide processes and their impact on the stability of road infrastructure. This will contribute to the development of measures to prevent and minimize the damage caused by landslides, thereby increasing the safety of road traffic in Kazakhstan’s mountainous regions