Effects of Bacillus coagulans on haematological parameters of Cyprinus carpio

This research assessed the impact of dietary Bacillus coagulans supplementation on hematological parameters and immunological state in common carp (Cyprinus carpio) cultivated in a recirculating aquaculture system. Fish were given diets enriched with different concentrations of B. coagulans for durations of 20, 40, and 60 days. Essential hematological parameters—such as red blood cell (RBC) count, hemoglobin (Hb), packed cell volume (PCV), white blood cell (WBC) count, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), and mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH)—were evaluated to ascertain physiological and immunological responses. Results indicated substantial elevations in RBC, Hb, PCV, and WBC levels in the probiotic-treated groups, with the peak values seen in the T3 group at day 60. The MCV and MCH levels reached their peak early and stabilized by day 60, suggesting adaptive hematological control. The observations indicate that B. coagulans promotes hematopoiesis and immunological function in C. carpio, presenting a possible probiotic alternative to antibiotics for enhancing fish health and performance in sustainable aquaculture systems. published by the Journal of Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences | JBES