The Enhancements of Mid-Infrared Photodetecting Properties of the Graphene Nanoribbon Array Device

In response to the issues of low responsivity and fixed detection bands in graphene photodetectors, this paper proposes a novel approach integrating surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) and photogating effect (PG) in a graphene nanoribbon array photodetector. The broad spectral response and optoelectronic characteristics of the detector in the visible to farinfrared spectrum are investigated. The device demonstrates advantages of negative gate voltage gain and optical gain, offering new insights for the design, fabrication, and performance optimization of graphene photodetectors. To address the low absorbance of single-layer graphene, An innovative composite structure of graphene nanowire array with narrow linewidth and small period is designed to excite surface plasmon polariton effects, thereby enhancing the light absorption efficiency of the detector. A simulation model is successfully constructed and validates localized surface plasmon polariton effects, exhibiting absorption peaks of 66.3%, 86.4%, 55.3% and 25.7% at wavelengths of 4.38 μm, 5.27 μm, 9.6 μm and 22.6 μm, respectively. Furthermore, the spectral response of the device can be dynamically modulated through precise adjustment of structural parameters including graphene linewidth and periodicity.