A Review Paper on Automobile Black Box System for Accident Analysation

Road traffic accidents are a leading cause of fatalities and injuries worldwide, with human error, alcohol impairment, and delayed emergency response being major contributors. Conventional accident reporting methods are often unreliable, while post-accident investigations face challenges due to insufficient data. This creates a strong need for intelligent systems capable of real-time accident detection, driver monitoring, and reliable data recording to improve road safety and aid accident analysis.This paper aims to enhance road safety through the development of an integrated real-time accident sensing and alcohol monitoring system. The proposed design employs accelerometers and gyroscopes to sense collisions, trigger warnings, and enable event data logging. A breathalyzer module monitors the driver’s blood alcohol concentration (BAC), and if levels exceed legal limits, the system immobilizes the vehicle’s ignition to prevent unsafe driving. A “black box” feature continuously logs critical parameters such as speed, GPS location, time, and environmental conditions before, during, and after a collision. Data from multiple sensors are processed via a microcontroller, integrated with a smartphone application for real-time monitoring and alert generation. While data are stored locally for immediate use, the system also supports cloud-based upload for advanced analysis, accident investigations, and insurance claim validation.