Maternal Factors Leading to Low Birth Weight Neonates in Women Presenting to Shaikh Zaid Women Hospital, Larkana

Introduction: Low birth weight (LBW, <2.5 kg) is a major contributor to neonatal morbidity and mortality in resource-limited settings like Larkana, Pakistan. Maternal factors such as anemia, inadequate antenatal care, and preterm birth are key contributors requiring local investigation. Objective: To determine the frequency of maternal factors associated with LBW neonates at Sheikh Zayed Woman Hospital Larkana. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study, conducted from August 2024 to January 2025 at Sheikh Zayed Woman Hospital, enrolled 105 women delivering LBW neonates. Maternal factors (anemia, gestational hypertension, preterm birth, inadequate antenatal care, and others) were assessed using standardized definitions. Data were analyzed in SPSS version 26 using chi-square tests (p≤0.05). Results: Anemia (55.2%), inadequate antenatal care (49.5%), and preterm birth (33.3%) were prevalent and significantly associated with LBW (p<0.05). Preterm births were higher among unbooked mothers (p=0.01). Conclusion: Targeted interventions addressing anemia, antenatal care access, and preterm birth are essential to reduce LBW in Larkana.