International Law and Water Spray Incidents in Waters: A Review of the Malaysia-Israel Case

This study examines the issue of International Law and water cannon incidents in the waters, focusing on the Malaysia-Israel case as a critical review. Using a Mixed-Methods Secondary Data Analysis approach, this research combines quantitative and qualitative analysis based on secondary data obtained online from official reports, academic articles, and news coverage, with the help of artificial intelligence (AI-assisted online data collection) to improve the accuracy and efficiency of data collection. The results of the study indicate that the use of water cannon as a maritime tactic not only raises questions in terms of its legality under the International Law of the Sea, but also has major implications for regional security and diplomatic relations. This research further contributes to a deeper understanding of the need for a stronger maritime legal and diplomatic framework in dealing with such incidents.