STUDYOFTRANSFORMEROPERATIONUNDERRAPIDCHANGES IN INPUT VOLTAGE

The article presents a theoretical analysis of the potential mechanical impact of short-circuit currents on transformer windings, considering rapid changesand temporal methods. Special attention is given to the rapid changes in these currents and the methods used to study them using temporal approaches. The first part of the article discusses the impact of radial and axial forces that arise during a short circuit. These forces are considered the most dangerous because they cause significant mechanical stresses in the transformer structure, particularly in its windings. The conducted analysis highlights the importance of accurately determining the short-circuit current magnitude, as it has the greatestinfluenceonthetransformer‘sperformanceandreliability.Withoutproperassessmentofthese parameters, it is impossible to ensure the long-term operation of the equipment. The final part of the article examines modern experimental diagnostic methods. In particular, the frequency method of SFRA(Sweep Frequency Response Analysis) and the temporal method based on the applicationof an impact signal are analyzed. Both approaches allow for effective identification of damages and deformations in the windings. The article also emphasizes the influence of dynamic loads caused by short-circuit currents on the longevity and stability of the transformer‘s operation